Christian Muslim and Byzantine-Muslim religious polemic, interreligious debate, apologetics

A Bibliographical Collectiom

No. 262

By Maria Vaiou

Selected documents

Byzantine

Against Muḥammad (ca.. 10^th or 11^th c.), ed./Lat. tr.  PG 104, cols 1447–58.

CMR 2, 577–9.

Agallianos, Theodore (d. bef.  1474)=ed. Ch. G. Patrinelis, Ho Theodoros Agallianos kai hoi anekdotoi logoi autou [=Ὁ Θεόδωρος Ἀγαλλιανὸς ταυτιζόμενος πρὸς τὸν Θεοφάνην Μηδείας καὶ οἱ ἀνέκδοτοι λόγοι του. Μία νέα ἱστορικὴ πηγὴ περὶ τοῦ πατριαρχείου Κων/λεως κατὰ τοὺς πρώτους μετὰ τὴν ἃλωσιν χρόνους] (Athens, 1966). [apologetic logoi of 1463, status of patriarchs in the decade after the conquest of the capital]

ODB, 1, 33–4; C.J.G Turner, ‘Notes on the works of Theodore Agallianos contained in Codex Bodleianus Canonicus Graecus 49”, in BZe 61 (1968), 27-35.

Amiroutzes, George, Dialogue –Lat. tr. J. Werner (Nuremberg, 1514); ed./Span. tr. Jorge Ameruzes de Trebisonda, El dialogo de la fe con el sultan de los Turcos, editión crítica, traducción y estudio Oscar de la Cruz Palma (Madrid, 2000) [Nueva Roma, 9]; A. Argyriou and G. Lagarrique ‘George Amiroutzès et son ‘Dialogue sur la Foi au Christ tenu avec le sultan des Turcs’, BF 11 (1987), 29–221.

ODB, 1, 77–8; review G. Lagarrique, B 71 (2001), 553–4; J. Monfasani, ‘The “Lost” Final part of George Amiroutzès’ Dialogus de Fide in Christum and Zanobi Acciaiuoli’, in Humanism and Creativity in the Renaissance: Essays in honor of Ronald G. Witt, ed. S., Chr. Celenza and K. Gouwens (Leiden, 2006), 197—229.

Anastasius of Sinai (d. ca. 700)= ‘Hodegos’= Anastasii Sinaite Viae dux, ed. K. H. Uthemann (Leuven, 1981) [CCSG 8]; PG 89, 36–309; tr. excerpts in R. G. Hoyland, Islam as others saw it: a survey and evaluation of Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian writings on early Islam (Princeton, NJ, 1997), 94. [=Hoyland] [earliest reference to Islamic doctrine, theological Chr.-Musl. disputations in late 7^th century]

Hoyland, 92–5; CMR 1, 196–7; S. H. Griffith, “Anastasios of Sinai, the Hodegos and the Muslims’, GOTHR  (1987), 341–58; idem, and R. Darling, ‘Anastasius of Sinai, the Monophysites and the Qur’ān’, Eighth annual BSCAbstr (Chicago, 1982); M. Richard, ‘Anastasius le Sinaïte, l’ Hodegos et le Monothélisme’, REB 16 (1958), 29–42; repr. in idem, Opera Minora, 3 vols. (Turnhout, 1977), III, no. 63; M. Richard, ‘Anastase le Sinaïte, l’ Hodegos et le monothélisme’, REB 15 (1957), 29–42; K. –H. Uthemann, ‘Sprache und Sein bei Anastasios Sinaites. Eine Semantik im Dienst der Kontroverstheologie’, SP 18 (1985), 221–31; idem, Anastasios Sinaites. Byzantinisches Christentum in den e[=Hoyland]rsten Jahrzehnten unter arabischer Herrschaft (Berlin/Boston, 2015).

_____, ‘Questions and answers’, ed. PG 89, 329–824; tr. J. S. J. Munitiz, Anastasios of Sinai: questions and answers  (Turnhout, 2011) (Corpus Christianorum in Translation 7); ed. J. A. Munitiz and M. Richard, Anastasii Sinaite quaestiones et responsiones (Turnhout, 2006) [CCSG 59], xix–xlix (manuscripts); tr. excerpt in Hoyland, 97.

Hoyland, 95–8; CMR 1, 200–2; J. A. Munitiz, ‘Anastasian Questions and answers among the Sinai new finds’, REB 60 (2002), 201–9; idem, ‘In the steps of Anastasius of Sinai. Later traces of his Erotapokrisieis’, in B. Janssens, B. Roosen, P. van Deun, Philomathestatos. Studies to Greek patristic and Byzantine texts presented to Jacques Noret for his sixty-fifth  birthday (Leuven, 2004), 435–54 [OLA 137]; R. Paret, ‘Un parallèle byzantin à Coran, XVIII, 59–81’, REB 26 (1968), 137–59; M. Richard, ‘Les véritables ‘Questions et réponses’ d’ Anastase le Sinaïte’, BIRHT 15 (1967–68), 39–56; repr. in M. Richard, Opera Minora, iii (Turnhout, Leuven, 1977), no. 64. 

_____, Disputatio Anastasii adversus Judaeos=PG LXXXXIX, cols. 1203–72. [anti Jewish polemical text]

1. Waegeman, ‘Les traités Adversus Judaeos. Aspects des relations judéo-chrétiennes dans le monde grec’, B 56 (1986), 295–314; Contra Iudaeos: Ancient and medieval polemics between Christians and Jews, ed. O. Limor and G. Stroumsa (Tübingen, 1996) [TSMEMJ 10].

_____, Narrationes (Collectiones A, B, C)= see K. –H. Uthemann, Anastasios Sinaites. Byzantinisches Christentum in den ersten Jahrzehnten unter arabischer Herrschaft (Berlin/Boston, 2015), 19‒20; Tales of the Sinai Fathers (Diegemata Paterika), ed. A. Binggeli, ‘Anastase le Sinaïte, Récits sur le Sinaï et Récits utiles à l’âme: édition, traduction, commentaire’, 2 vols. (Unpubl. PhD thesis, Univ. of Paris, 2001); ed. Nau, ‘Le texte grec des récits du moine Anastase sur les saints péres du Sinaï’, OC 2 (1902), 58‒89; Fr. tr. idem, ‘Les récits inédits du moine Anastase: contribution à l’ histoire de Sinai au commencement du VII siecle’, RICP 1 (1902), 1‒70; tr. ‘Anastasius of Sinai, Collection I: Diverse narratives concerning the Saintly fathers in the desert of Mount Sinai by Anastasius, a humble and lowly monk’, in D. F. Caner, History and hagiography on the Late antique Sinai: including translations of Pseudo-Nilus‘ Narrations, Ammonius‘ report on the slaughter of the monks of Sinai and Rhaithou,” and Anastasius of Sinai’s “Tales of the Sinai fathers . With contributions by S. Brock, R. M. Price, and K. van Bladel (Liverpool, 2010), 174‒95; ed. F. Nau, ‘Le texte grec des récits utiles à l’ âme d’ Anastase (le Sinaïte)’, OC 3 (1903), 56‒90 (edition of stories 1‒2, 5‒6, 12, 14‒7, 20, 27) Editions of various stories: A. Reichert, ‘Eine Fluchtburg christlicher Sarazenen bei Pharan im Südlichen Sinai. Archäologische Anmerkungen zu einer hagiographischen Anekdote des Anastasios Sinaites’, in M. Krause and S. Schaten (eds.), QEMELIA. Spätantike und koptologische Studien. Peter Grossman zum 65. Geburtstag (Wiesbaden, 1998), 273‒88 (German trs. of story 8) [SKcO, 3]; F. Nau, ‘Le texte grec des récits du moine Anastase sur les saints pères du Sinai’, OC 2 (1902), 58‒89 (87‒89: edition of story 8); ed./tr. of story 7: B. Flusin, ‘L’ esplanade du Temple à l’ arrivée des Arabes, d’ après deux récits byzantins’, in J. Raby and J. Johns (eds.), Bayt al-Maqdis: ‘Abd al-Malik’s Jerusalem (n. 16) (Oxford, 1992), 17‒31’ [ed./Fr. tr. story 7] [OSIA 9]; tr. ‘Anastasius of Sinai, Collection II: Narratives. Edifying and profitable to the soul that happened in various places in our time by Anastasius, a humble and lowly monk’, in Caner, History and hagiography, 196‒99; tr. excerpts in Hoyland, 100‒1.+++++++++++

ODB, 1, 87‒8; Hoyland, 99‒102, index; CMR 1, 198‒200; idem, ‘Un nouveau témoin des Narrationes d’ Anastase le Sinaïte dans les membra disjecta d’ un manuscript sinaïtique’ (Sinaiticus MG 6 + MG 21)’, REB 62 (2004), 261‒8; B. Flusin, ‘Démons et Sarrasins. L’ auteur et le propos des Diègèmata stèriktika d’ Anastase le Sinaïte’, T&M 11 (1991), 381‒409; C. P. Cyrris, ‘The admission of the souls of immoral but humane people into the limbus puerorum, according to the Cypriote abbot Kaioumos (VIIth century AD) compared to the Qurans’ al-Araf’, RESEE 9 (1971), 461‒77; P. Canart, ‘Nouveaux récits du moine Anastase’, Actes XII CEB (Belgrade 1964), 263‒71; K. H. Uthemann, Anastasios Sinaites: byzantinisches Christentum in den ersten Jahrzehnten unter arabischer Herrschaft  (Berlin, 2015).

Bartholomaeus of Edessa (d. late 12th or early 13th c.)=Bartholomew of Edessa, Elenchus et confutatio Agareni (Elenchos Agarenou)’, PG, 104, cols. 1383–1448, 1448–58 (Against Mohammed); ed. /Germ. tr. K. P. Todt, Refutation of the Agarene, Bartholomaios von Edessa. Confutatio Agareni. Kommentierte griechisch-deutsche Textausgabe  (Wurtzenburg, 1988).

CMR 3, 715–9; S. Vryonis, The decline of medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the process of Islamization from the eleventh through the fifteenth century (Berkeley, 1971), 424–5, n. 59 [=Decline]; EPLBHC, 2, ‘Bartholomew of Edessa’, 47–8; D. Sahas, ‘Bartholomeus of Edessa on Islam: a polemicist with nerve!’, In Proceedings of the sixth ICGOAS (Nicosia 30 April–5 May 1996), 467–83; G. Troupeau, ‘La biographie de Mahomet dans l’œuvre de Barthélemy d’Edesse’, in T. Fahd (ed.), La vie du prophète Mahomet. Colloque de Strasbourg, octobre 1980 (Paris, 1983), 147–59; A. Abel, ‘La réfutation d’ un Agarène de Barthélémy d’ Édesse’, SI 37 (1973), 5–26.

Bryennius, Joseph (d. 1431) = A. Argyriou, ‘Ιωσὴφ τοῦ Βρυεννίου μετά τινος Ἰσμαηλίτου διάλεξις’, ΕΕΒΣ 35 (1967), 141–95. [on Ottomans]

CMR 5, 334–8; ODB, 1, 330; Gy. Moravcsik, Byzantinoturcica 1–2 (Leiden, 1983), I, 316; Vryonis, Decline, 418–20; H. Bazini, ‘Une première edition des oeuvres de Joseph Bryennios: les traités adressés aux Cretois’, REB 62 (2004), 83–132; N. V. Tomadakis,  Ὁ Ἰwsὴj BruέnnioV kaὶ ἡ Krήth katὰ  τὸ 1400: Melete ohilologike kai historike (Athens, 1947); L. Oeconomos, ‘L’ Etat intellectuel et moral des Byzantins vers le milieu du XIVe siècle d’ après une page de Joseph Bryennios’, Mélanges Charles Diehl, i (Paris, 1930), 225–33; R. J. Loenertz, ‘Pour la chronologie des oeuvres de Joseph Bryennios’, REB 7 (1949–50), 12–32

Byzantios, Niketas (d. late 9^th c.), PG 105, cols. 807–21 (1^st letter), cols. 821–41 (2^nd letter); ed./Germ. tr. K. Förstel, Niketas von Byzanz. Schriften zum Islam (Würzburg, 2000), 156–72; 176–98 [CISC ser. Gr. 5/1]. [2 letters to ‘Abbasid court-Christian responses to Muslim polemic]

ODB, 3, 1480; CMR 1, 752–4; D. Krausmüller, ‘Murder is good if God wills it. Nicetas Byzantius‘ polemic against Islam and the Christian tradition of divinely sanctioned murder’, Al-Masaq 16 (2004), 163–76; idem, ‘Saracenica I Friedrich Sylburg 1595. Una raccolta di opere bizantine contro l’ Islam’, in M. Cortesi (ed.), I padri sotto il torchio. Le edizioni dell’ antichità cristiana nei secoli XV-XVI (Florence, 2002), 289–310, 295, 299, 303; idem,  ‘Niceta Byzantios, la sua opera e il Monaco Evodio’, in G. Fiaccadori et al. (ed.), ‘In partibus Clius’. Scritti in onore di Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli (Naples, 2006), 147–87; A. T. Khoury, Les theologiens byzantins et l’ Islam: texts et auteurs (VIIIe–XIIIe siècles) (Louvain, 1969), 127–33; B. D. De Lee, ‘Letters, diplomacy, and religious polemic in ninth-century Byzantium: Niketas Byzantios and the problem of Islam’ (Univ. California, LA 2011); N. Pokrovskij, Nikita Vizantijskij kak apologet (St. Petersburg, 1882).

_____, ‘Refutatio Mohammedis’, PG 105, cols. 669–805; ed./Germ. tr. K. Förstel, Niketas von Byzanz, Schriften zum Islam. Griechisch-deutsche Textausgabe von K. Forstel (Würzburg, 2000), 2–152 [Ser. Gr. 5]; reproduced by Euodius: ‘Euodiou monachou kephalaia tes pseudonymous graphes tou dyssebous Moamed kai penias’, in CMR 1, 848.

68. M. Demetriades, ‘Nicetas of Byzantium and his encounter with Islam: a study of the ‘Anatropi’ and the two ‘Epistles’ to Islam’ (unpubl. Ph. D thesis; The Hartford Seminary Foundation, 1972); A. Rigo, ‘Niketa Byzantinou philosophou programma tes hypogegrammenes anatropes tes para tou Arabos Moamet plastographetheises biblou’, CMR 1, 755–6; idem, ‘Gli Ismaeliti e la discendenza da Abramo nella ‘Refutazione del Corano’ di Niceta Byzantios (metà del IX secolo)’, in G. Ruggieri (ed.), I nemici della Christianità (Bologna, 1997), 83–104; E. Trapp, ‘Gab e seine byzantinische Koranübersetzung?’, Diptycha 2 (1980/1), 7–17; K. Versteegh, ‘Greek translations of the Qur’ān in Christian polemics (9^th century A.D.)’, ZDMG 141 (1991), 52–68. D. Krausmüller, ‘Killing at God’s command: Niketas Byzantios’ polemic against Islam and Christian tradition of divinely sactioned murder’, Al-Masāq 16 I (2004), 163–76; Khoury, Les theologiens, 133–62; C. Hogel, ‘An early anonymous Greek translation of the Qur’an. The fragments from Niketas Byzantios’ Refutatio and the Anonymous Abjuratio’, CCO 7 (2010), 65–119; De Lee, ‘Letters, diplomacy, and religious polemic’.

Choniates, N. (d. 1217), Historia, ed. I. A. van Dieten (Berlin, 1975,  213–20 [CFHB XI/1-2] [p. 213-20 theological controversy in 1180=same account in Panoplia dogmatike, Book XXVI=see also Tomos dated in 1180]; tr. H. Magoulias, O City of Byzantium: annals of Niketas Choniates (Detroit, 1984) (dispute about the ‘God of Muhammad’); Germ. tr. F. Grabler, I. Die Krone der Komnenen (1118–1180) – II. Abenteurer auf dem Kaiserthron (1180–1195) – III. Die Kreuzfahrer erobern Konstantinopel (1195–1206), vols. I–III (Graz-Wien-Köln 1958) (BG 7–9), vol. I, 94–7; vol. III, 117–21;.N. Zorzi, La Storia di Niceta Coniata libri i-viii: Giovanni II e Manuele I Comneno, materiali per un comment (Venezia, 2012) [IESBPV Biblioteca No 31] ; tr. A. Pontani, Niceta Coniata, Grandezza e catastrfe di Bisanzio Narrazione cronologica, vol. 1 Libri I–VIII (Milan, 1994); vol. 2: Libri IX–XIV (Milan, 1999)=see also Tomos 

ODB, 1, 428; CMR 4, 132–39; CMR 3, ‘Tomos’, 359–63; G. Stadmüller, ‘Zur Biographie des Niketas Choniates (um 1150–um 1214)’ , BF 1 (1966), 321–8; idem, Michael Choniates, Metropolit von Athen (Roma, 1934) [OChr 33, 2]; A. J. Simpson, ‘Before and after 1204. The versions of Niketas Choniates’ Historia’, DOP 60 (2006), 189–221;  K. M. Setton, ‘A note on Michael Choniates, Archbishop of Athens (1182-1204)’, Sp. 21 (1946), 234–7; J. Turchetto, ‘Per una topografia letteraria di Constantinopoli: il mitaton dei Saraceni di Niceta Coniata’, MEG 14 (2014), 267–83; J. Davis, ‘Anna Komnene and Niketas Choniates ‘translated’: the fourteenth –century Byzantine metaphrases’, in R. J. Macrides (ed.), History as literature in Byzatium: papers from the fortieth spring symposium of Byzantine studies (Farnham, 2010), 55–72; N. Zorzi, ‘Islam e Cristianesimo durante il regno di Manuele Comneno. La disputa sul ‘Duo di a Maometto’ nell’ opera di Niceta Comiata’, in A. Rigo et al. (ed.), Vie per Bisanzio. VII Congresso Nazionale dell’ Associazione Italiana di Studi Bizantini, Venezia, 25–28 novembre 2009 (Bari, 2013); A.L. Hanson, ‘Manuel I Comnenus and the ‘God of Muhammad’: a study in Byzantine ecclesiastical politics’, in Tolan (ed), Perceptions of Islam: a book of essays (New York, 1996)., 55–82 [GRLH 1768, GMC 10]; C. Simelides, ‘The Byzantine ++understanding of the qur’anic term al-samad and the Greek translation of the  Qur’an’, Spec 86 (2011), 887–913; D. Sahas, ‘Holosphyros’’? A Byzantine perception of ‘’the God of Muhammad’, in Y. Haddad and W. Z. Haddad (eds.),Christian-Muslim encounters (Gainseville, 1995); H. J. Magoulias,  ‘Doctrinal disputes in the History of Nketas Choniates’, PBR 6 (1987), 199–226; T. Urbainczyk, Writing about Byzantium: the History of Niketas Choniates (Oxon, 2018).

_____, ‘Panoplia dogmatike’ (ca 1206): Book XXVI [coincides with] Historia, ed. van Dieten, 213–9 [deals with theological controversy in 1180]; Book XX, p. 1 (‘On the religion of the Agarenes’), PG 140, cols. 105–21; Book XX, p. 2 (adjuration formula), PG 140, cols. 124–36; ed. F. Montet, ‘Le rituel d’ abjuration des Musulmans dans l’ église grecque’, in the RHR ‘L origine de la formule grecque d’ abjuration’, 53 (1906), 145–163.

CMR 1, 821–4; CMR 4, 140–4; Hoyland, 517–8 [on Abjuration]; F. Cumont, ‘L origine de la formule grecque d’ abjuration imposée aux musulmans’, RHR 64 (1911), 143–50; J. Karayannopulos-G. Weiss, Quellenkunde zur Geschichte von Byzanz (324‒1453), 2 vols. (Wiesbaden 1982), v. 2, 460–1; J. L. van Dieten, Zur Überlieferung und Veröffentlichung der Panoplia dogmatike des Niketas Choniates (Amsterdam, 1970); S. Vryonis, ‘Byzantine attitudes toward Islam during the late middle ages’, in Studies on Byzantium, Seljuks and Ottomans (Malibu, 1981), 263–86, 272, 273, 274, 275; A. Argyriou, ‘Perceptions de l’ Islam et traductions du Coran dans le monde byzantine grec’, B 75 (2005), 25–69, 44–5; Magoulias, ‘Doctrinal disputes’, 217–20; Hanson, ‘Manuel I Comnenus and the ‘God of Muhammad’’, in Tolan (ed), Perceptions of Islam, 55–82; N. Zorzi, ‘Islam e Cristianesimo’ ; idem,  ‘Saracenica di Fiedrich Sylburg (1595). Una raccolta di opere bizantine contro l’ Islam’, in M. Cortesi (ed.), I Padri sotto il torchio. Le edizioni  dell’ antichità cristiana nei secoli XV–XVI (Florence, 2002), 289–310; Khoury, Les theologiens, 186-94, 249-58; L. Bossina, ‘L’ eresia dopo la crociata. Niceta Coniata, I Latini e gli azimi (Panoplia dogmatica XXII)’, in M. Cortesi, Padri greci e latini a confronto (secoli XIII–XV)Atti del Convegno di studi della Società Internazionale per lo Studio del Medioevo Latino (SISMEL) (Firenze, 2004), 152–205; C. Høgel, ‘The Byzantine abjuration formula for converts from Islam and its influence on the religious policy of Manuel I Komnenos’, in K. V. Jensen (ed.), Cultural encvounters during the crusades (Odensen, 2013),  199–207; idem, ‘One God or Two–the Rationality behind Manuel I Komnenos’ attempted reform of the Abjuration formula for converts from Islam’, in www.academia.edu

Eustathios Metropolitan of Thessalonike (d. 1195/6), On the capture of Thessalonike=Leonis Grammatici Chronographia, ed. I. Bekker, Accedit Eustathii de capta Thessalonica liber (Bonnae, 1842), 363–512; Eustazio di Tessalonica, La espugnazione di Tessalonica. Testo critico, introduzione, annotazioni di St. Kyriakidis. Proemio di B. Lavagnini, versione italiana di V. Rotolo (Palermo, 1961) [ISSBN Testi 5]; Eustathe de Thessalonique, ‘Relatio sur la dernière –plaise à Dieu –prise de Thessalonique’, tr. P. Odorico, in Thessalonique. Chroniques d’ une ville prise (Toulouse, 2005).

_____, K. Bonis, ’O QessalonίkhV EustάqioV kaὶ oἱ dύo tόmoi toῦ autokrάtoroV Manouὴl A¢ Komnhnoῦ (1143¤80) ὑpὲr tῶn eiV thn cristianikhn orqodoxian metistamenwn Mwameqanῶn’, in EEBS 19 (1939), 162–69.

 

ODB, 2, 754; Moravcsik, I, 262–4; Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 431–2; A.F. Stone, ‘Eustathian panegyric as a historical source’, JöB 51 (2001), 225–58. E. Leone, ‘Conjectures sur la composition de ‘la Prise de Thessalonique’ d’Eustathe’, B 34 (1964), 267–9; G. A. Merianos, ‘The sons of Hagar in Archbishop Eustathios’ The capture of Thessaloniki: some evidence concerning late twelfth century Byzantine-Turkish relations’, Byz Sym 17 (1996), 213–21.

 

Dialexis (before 1146)=Greek text with Lat. tr. PG 131, cols. 19–38; E. Trapp (ed.), ‘Die Dialexis des Mönchs Euthymios mit einem Sarazenen’, JOB 20 (1971), 114–31; A. Mai, Bibliotheca nova Patrum, 10 vols. (Rome, 1825–38), iv, 442–54.

 

CMR 3, 529–37; K. Förstel, ‘Schriften zum Islam von Arethas und Euthymios Zigabenos und Fragmente der griechischen Koranübersetzung, Griechisch-deutsche Textausgabe’, Religions-und Geistesgeschichte 62 (2010), 394–7.

 

Evodios (late 9^th c.), ‘Chapter from the forged book of the unbelieving Muhammad and of destitution’=A. Rigo, ‘Euodiou monachou kephalaia tes pseudonymous graphes tou dyssebous Moamed kai penias’, CMR 1, 848.

 

Gerasimos, Al-kāfī fī’l ma ‘nā l shāfī (The sufficient, on the clear meaning), (13^th c.) tr. R. Khawam, Dialogues oecumeniques de guerison suivi de traite sur la Saint Trinite (Paris, 1998).

CMR 4, 666–71; A. Bakhou, ‘Kitāb al-kāfī fī’l ma ‘nā l šāfī, The complete book of the proper meaning. The Christian apology of Gerasimus’, PdO 34 (2009), 300–43.

 

Gordios, A. =A. Argyriou, ‘Anastasios Gordios et l’ Islam’, RsR 43 (1969), 58–87; idem, <<Sur Mahomet et contre les latins>>, Une oeuvre inédite d’ Anastasios  Gordios, religieux et professeur grec (XVII^e–XVIII^e s.), 2 tm (Strasbourg, 1967).

 

24. A. Argyriou, ‚Αναστάσιος ο Γόρδιος και το Σύγγραμμά του περί Μωάμεθ και κατά Λατίνων‘, ΕΕΣτερεοελλαδικών Μελετών 2 (Αθήνα, 1969), 305–24.

 

John of Damascus (d. 749), ‘De Haeresibus Ch. 100’, MPG XCIV, 764–773; Engl. tr. Sahas, John of Damascus on Islam, appendix I, 132–41; Fr. tr., Le Coz, Jean Damascène. Écrits sur l’ Islam (Paris, 1992), 209–27 [SC 383]; Germ. tr. R. Glei and A. T. Khoury, Johannes Damaskenos und Theodor Ab‚ Qurra, Schriften zum Islam (Würzburg-Altenberge, 1995), 73–83 [CIC, Ser. Gr. 3]; p. b. Kotter, Die Schiften des Johannes von Damaskos, 5 vols. (Berlin, 1969–88), iv, Liber de haeresibus, Opera polemica, 60–7; excerpt Hoyland, 485–6, 486–7, 487, 488–9.

 

CMR 1, 295–301; A. Louth, “John of Damascus and the making of the Byzantine theological synthesis‘, in Patrich, The Sabaite Heritage, 301–4; idem, St John Damascene: tradition and originality in Byzantine theology (Oxford: 2002) [OECS]; S. l. Husseini, Early Christian Muslim debate on the unity of God: three Christian scholars and their engagement with Islamic thought (9th century c.e.) (Leiden, Boston, 2014); R. F. Glei, ‘John of Damascene on Islam a long-term history in Byzantium’, in B. Crostini, S. La Porta (eds.), Negotiating coexistence: communities, cultures and convivencia in Byzantine society (Verlag, 2013), 31–44; S. Kh. Samir, Theodore Abu Qurra: Maymar fī al-ḥurrīya (Beirut, 2006); A. Abel, ‘Le chapitre CI du Livre des Hérésies de Jean Damascène: son inauthenticité’,  SI 19 (1963), 5–25; A. Davids and P. Valkenberg, ‘John of Damascus. The heresy of the Ishmaelites’, in B. Roggema, M. Poorthuis and P. Valkenberg (eds.), The three rings. Textrual studies in the historical trialogue of Judaism, Christanity and Islam (Louvain, 2005), 71–90; I. Pochoshajew, ‘Johannes von Damaskos: De Haeresibus 100’, IslamoChristiana 30 (2004), 65–75; R. Bell, ‘John of Damascus and the controversy with Islam’, GOST 4 (1913–22), 37–8; M. Beltran, ‘Los atributos divinos en Juan de Damasco y su influencia en el islam’, CCO 2 (2005), 25–42; A. Abel, ‘La polémique damascénienne et son influence sur les origines de la théologie musulmane’, in L’ elaboration de l’ Islam (Paris, 1961), 61–85; I. Dick, ‘The Arab character of the Christian disputation with Islam. The case of John of Damascus (ca. 655–ca. 749)’, in B. Lewis and F. Niewöhner (eds.), Religionsgespräche im Mittelalter (Wiesbaden, 1992), 185–205 [25. Wolfenbütteler Symposion, 1989] [WMS 4. ]; W. J. Voorhis, ‘John of Damascus on the Moslem heresy’, MW 24 (1934), 391–8; ODB, 2, 1063–4; Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 326; Hoyland, 481–9; B. Flusin, ‘De l’ arabe au grec, puis au géorgien: une vie de saint Jean Damascène’, in Traduction et traducteurs au moyen âge, ed. G. Contamine Actes du colloque international du CNRS (Paris, 1989), 51–61; G. Graf, ‘Das arabische Original der Vita des hl. Johannes von. Damaskus’, Der Katholik  93 (1913), 164–90, 320–31; F. Dölger, ‘Die Johannes-Damaskenos-Ausgabe des Byzantinischen Instituts Scheyern’, B 20 (1950), 303–14; R. D. Portillo, ‘The Arabic life of St. John of Damascus,’ PdOr 21 (1996), 157–88; I. Rochow, Die legende von der abgehauenen Hand des Johannes Damaskenos (Frankfurt am Main, 2007); S. Griffith, ‘Giovanni di Damasco e la chiesa in Siria all’ epoca degli Omayyadi’, in B. Flusin, Giovanni di Damasco:un padre al sorgere dell’ Islam (Magnano, 2006), 21–52; B. Studer, ‘Die theologische Arbeitsweise des Johannes von Damaskus’ (Ettal, 1956) [StPB 2]; P. Valkenberg, ‘John of Damascus and the theological construction of Christian identitry vis a vis early Islam’, JTIU 20 (2001), 8–30; D. Sahas, ‘Encounter and refutation: John of Damascus’ attitude towards the Muslims and his evaluation of Islam’ (Diss. Michigan, 1970); idem, ‘L’ Islam nel contesto della vita e della produzione letterria di Giovanni di Damasco’, in Flusin, Giovanni di Damasco, 87–115; idem, ‘John of Damascus on Islam,’’ the heresy of the Ishmaelites (Leiden, 1972); idem, ‘John of Damascus on Islam. Revisited’, Abr-Nahrain 23 (1984–5), 104–1; idem,  ‘The Arab character of the Christian disputation with Islam: the case of John of Damascus (ca. 655–ca. 749)’, in  Lewis and Niewöhner (eds.), Religionsgespräche im Mittelalter, 185–205; idem, ‘Cultural interaction during the Umayyad period. The ‘’circle’’ of John of Damascus’, in ARAM  6 1&2 (1994), 35–66; J. R. Merrill, ‘Of the tractate of John of Damascus on Islam’, MW 41 (1951), 88–97; J. Nasrallah, Saint Jean de Damas. Son époque, sa vie, son oeuvre (Paris, 1950); Η. Νικολακακης, ‘Το Ισλαμ κατα τον Αγιο Ιωαννη το Δαμασκηνο’, ΕΕΘΣΠΘ Α (1990).*; B. Kotter, Die Überlieferung des ‘’Pege Gnoseos’’ des hl. Johannes von Damaskos, vol. v (Ettal, 1959) [SPB 5]; idem, Die Schriften des Johannes von Damaskos: I, Institutio elementaris, capita philosophica (Dialectica); II, Expositio Fidei; IV, Liber de haeresibus, opera polemica (Berlin and New York, 1969, 1973, 1981); P. Khoury, ‘Jean Damascène et l’ Islam’, POC 7 (1957), 44–63; 8 (1958), 313–39; idem, ‘Jean Damascène et l’ Islam’, POC 7 (1957), 44–63; A. S. Atiya, St. John Damascene: survey of the unpublished Arabic versions of his works in Sinai’, in G. Makdisi (ed.), Arabic and Islamic studies in honour of Hamilton A. R. Gibb (Cambridge MA 1965), 73–83; D. B. Rhodes, John Damascene in context: an examination of „The Heresy of the Ishmaelites” (MA Thesis. Liberty University, 2009); Kh. S. Samir, and J.P. Monferrer-Sala, Abū Qurrah: vida, bibliografía y obras (Córdoba, 2005).

 

_____, ‘Disceptatio Christiani et Saraceni’, MPG XCIV 1585–1596.

_____, ‘Disputatio Saraceni et Christiani’(2^nd half of 8^th c.), [‘DiάlexiV  Sarakhnoύ kai cristianoύ’] PG 96, cols. 1336–48; ed. /Engl. tr. D. J. Sahas, John of Damascus on Islam. The ‘Heresy of the Ishmaelites’ (Leiden 1972), 142–59; ed. B. Kotter, Die Schriften des Johannes von Damaskos (Berlin, 1981), iv, 419–38 [Patristische Texte und Studien 22]; ed. with German and Arabic tr.: S. Karoui, Johannes von Damaskus. Glaubensgespräch zwischen Christen und Muslimen (Heidelberg, 2003); Arabic tr. G. Atiya, ‘Al-jadal al-dīnī al-masī˛ī al-islāmī fī l-‘aṣr al-umawī wa-athruhu fī nushū’ ‘ilm al-kalām’, Bakhit-Schick, Bilād al-Shām, 1.407–26, 416–22; Fr. tr. Le Coz, J. Damascène, Écrits sur l’ Islam, 228–51; ed./Germ. tr. Glei and Khoury, Johannes Damaskenos, 168–83.

 

CMR 1, 367–70; W. J. Voorhis, ‘The discussion of a Christian and a Saracen’, MW 25 (1935), 266–73; A. Argyriou, ‘Une controverse entre un Chrétien et un musulman inedite’, RSR XLI (1967), 237–45.

 

_____, On the Divine Images, tr. A. Louth and G. W. Cole Crestwood (NY 2003); Sp. tr. J. B. Torres Guerra, Juan de Damasco. Sobre las imágenes sagradas. Introducción, edición bilingüe y notas (Pamplona, 2013).

 

Kantakouzenos, John (d. 1383), Apologiai tessares (Four apologies) (ca. 1373)= R. Gwalterus (ed./tr.), ‘Ioannis Cantacuzeni Contra sectam Mahometicam pro Christiana religione Apologiae quatuor et orationes quatuor’, PG 154, cols. 371–692 (repr. of Basle ed. of 1543); K. Förstel (ed./tr.), Johannes Kantakuzenos, Christentum und Islam. Apologetische und polemische Schriften (Altenberge, 2005) [CIC, ser. Gr. 6]; R. Gwalterus (ed./tr.), Ioannis Cantacuzeni Constantinopolitani regis contra Mahometicam fidem Christiana et orthodoxa assertio, Graece conscripta ante annos fere ducentos, nunc vero Latinitate donata…, in Machumetis Saracenorum principis, eiusque successorum vitae, ac doctrina, ipseque Alcoran (parts IV and V) (Basle, 1543); Latin tr. R. Gwalterus, ‘Ioannis Cantacuzeni Constantinopolitani Regis contra Mahometicam fidem Christiana et orthodoxa assertio’, in Machumetis Saracenorum principis, eiusque successorum vitae, ac doctrina, ipseque Alcoran… (Basle, 1550), 193–358; tr. excerpt in Vryonis, The decline of medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the process of Islamization from the eleventh through the fifteenth century (Berkeley, 1971), 433–4.

 

Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 494–5; CMR 5, 173–8; K. P. Todt, Kaiser Johannes VI. Kantakuzenos und der Islam: Politische Realität und theologische Polemik im palaiologenzeitlichen Byzanz  (Würzburg and Altenberge, 1991), 133–249, 306–566 [WFMRA 2, [RS, 16]; M. Balivet, ‘Alliance ottomane et controverse avec l’ Islam: l’ empereur Jean VI Cantacuzène, diplomate et théologien (env. 1295–1383)’, Histoire, archaeologies, literatures du monde musulman. Melanges en l’ honneur d’ A. Raymond. Reunis par Ch. Alleaume, S. Denoix et M. Tuchscherer (Cairo, 2009), 131–41 [Bibliothèque d’ Étude, 148–2009]; A. Ziaka, Ioannis ho Kantakouzenos ki he heirografe paradise ton kata tou Islam syggrammaton tou’, in Ph. Evangelatou-Notara et al., He goeteia tou Byzantiou allote kai tora. ST. synatese Byzantinologon Ellados kai Kyprou. Panep. Athenon, 22–25 Septembriou 2005 (Athens, 2015), 264–6; C. J. G. Turner, ‘A Slavonic version of John Canatcuzenus’ Against Islam’, SEER 51 (1973), 113–7; A. Ducellier, ‘L’ Islam et les Musulmans vus de Byzance au XIVe siècle’, Byzantina 12 (1983), 93–134; A. D. Karpozilos, ‘Byzantine apologetic and polemic writings of the Palaeologan epoch against Islam’, GOThR 15 (1970), 213–48; H. Beck, Vorsehung und Vorherbestimmung in der theologischen Literatur der Byzantiner (Rome, 1937), 54–8 [OCA 114]; S. Kyriakidis, ‘Warfare in the Histories of John Kantakouzenos’, in G. Theotokis, A. Yildiz (eds.), A Military history of the mediterranean sea: aspects of war, diplomacy, and military elites  (Leiden, Boston, 2018), 299–324.

 

 

Kritobulos von Imbros (d. ca. 1470)=De rebus gestis Machumetis II, ed. C. Müller (Paris, 1883) [FHG 5]; Critobul din Imbros din domnia lui Mahomed al II-lea anii 1451–1467, ed. V. Grecu (with Romanian translation) (Bucharest, 1963) [Scriptores Byzantini 4]; Critobuli Imbriotae Historiae, ed. D. R. Reinsch (Berlin, N.Y., 1983) [CFHB 22]; German tr./ed. D. R. Reinsch, Mehmet II erobert Konstantinopel: die ersten Regierungsjahre des Sultans Mehmet Fatih, des Eroberers von Konstantinopel 1453 (Graz, 1986) [BG 17];  Eng. Tr. C. T. Riggs, Kritovoulos. A history of Mehmed the Conqueror (Princeton, 1954; repr. 1970); selections: It. tr. A. Pertusi, La caduta, vol. 2, L’ Eco nel mondo (Verona, 1976), 230–51; Turk. Tr. A. Çokona (Istanbul, 2012); tr. excerpt in Philippides, Mehmed II, 5.

 

Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 520–1; V. Grecu, ‘La lettre dédicatoire de l’ historien Critobule à Mahomet II le Conquérant’, MD (1940), 197–202. [in Rumanian]; N.B. Tomadakis, ‘Αἱ παρά Κριτοβούλῳ δημηγορίαι Μωάμεθ Β´’,  Ἀθηνᾶ 55 (1952), 65–72; D. R. Reinsch, ‘Kritobulos of Imbros-learned historian, Ottoman raya and Byzantine patriot’, ZRVI 40 (2003), 297–311; St. Lampakies, ‘Hoi ‘Kyanides nesoi’, sten historia tou Kritoboulou’, Sym 10 (1996), 189–93; I. Tóth, Some suggestions on the interpretation of the First Speech of Mehmet II in Kritoboulos’ Histories’, in E. Juhász (ed.), Byzanz und das Abendland II. Studia Bizantino-Occidentalia (Budapest, 2014),  179–86; F. Conca, ‘L’ imitatio tucididea nelle Storie di Critobulo’, Rendiconti dell’ Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere. Classe di Lettere e Scienze Morali e Storiche 144 (2010) [2011], 209–20.

 

Kydones, D. (d. 1398) = Translations of Riccoldo da Monte di Croce.

_____,  Libellus (or Tractatus) contra legem Saracenorum (Against the religion of the Saracens) (ca. 1360 and 1369), ed. PG 154, cols. 1035–1170.

_____, Confutatio or Improbatio Alcorani (tr. ca.1360), PG 154: 1042A.

 

Vryonis, Decline, 424, 428ff.; Todt, Kaiser Johannes VI, 176–86; J. M. Mérigoux, ‘L ouvrage d’ un frère Prêcheur florentin en Orient à la fin du XIIIe siècle. Le Contra legem Sarracnorum de Riccoldo da Monte di Croce’, Memorie Domenicane 17 (1986), 1–144 [text of Latin orig. 60–142]. CMR 5, 239–49, 248–9 (for the letters no. 93, 320, 313, 327, 367, 354, 355); K. M. Setton, Western Hostility to Islam: And Prophecies of Turkish Doom (Philadelphia, 1992), 13; J. W. Barker, Manuel II Palaeologus 1391–1425 a study in late Byzantine statesmanship (New Brunswick, 1969) (1376/7); F. Tinnefeld, Die Briefe des Demetrios Kydones. Themen und literarische Form (Mainz, 2010); R. J. Loenertz, ‘Manuel Paléologue et Démétrius Cydonès. Remarques sur leurs correspondences’, EO 36 (1937–8), 271–87, 474–87; 37 (1938), 107–24; F. Tinnefeld, ‘Brief und Gegenbrief in der Korrespondenz des Demetrios Kydones mit Kaiser Manuel II. Palaiologos’, in: Geschehenes und Geschriebenes. Beiträge zu Ehren von G. St. Henrich und K.-P. Matschke, voraussichtlich (Leipzig 2005); idem, Die Briefe des Demetrios Kydones. Themen und literarische Form (Maiz, 2010); G. T. Dennis, ‘Reality in the letters of Demrtrios Cydones’, in Chrysostomides et al., Porphyrogenita, 401–10; idem, ‘Demetrios Kydones and Venice’, in Ch. A. Maltezou, P. Schreiner (eds.), Venezia e il mondo franco-greco XII–XV secolo. Atti del Colloquio Internaziuonale organizzato nel centenario della nascita di Raymond-Joseph Loenertz o.p. Venezia, 1–2 dicembre 2000 (Venezia, 2002), 495–502;  ODB, 2, 1161; Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 505–6; F. Tinnefeld, ‘Epistolographische Tradition und Individualität. Literarische Untersuchungen zu den Briefen des Demetrios Kydones. Ein Arbeitsvorhaben’, in L’Épistolographie et la poé- sie épigrammatique: Projets actuels et questions de méthodologie, Actes de la 16e Table ronde etc. dans le cadre du XXe Congrés international d’Études byzantines, 2001 (Paris 2003), 97–101; J. R. Ryder, The career and writings of Demetrius Kydones: a study of fourteenth century Byzantine politics, religion and society (Leiden, 2010); idem, ‘Byzantium and the West in the 1360s: the Kydones version’, in Harris et al. (eds.) Byzantines, Latins and Turks in the eastern Mediterranean (Oxford, 2012); F. Kianka, Demetrius Cydones (c. 1324–c.1397): intellectual and diplomatic relations between Byzantium and the West in the fourteenth century (Ph.D thesis, Fordahm Univ., New York, 1981); M. Jugie, ‘Démétrius Cydonès et la theologie latine à Byzance aux XIVe et XVe siècles’, EO 27 (1928), 385–402; Th. Ganchou, ‘Dèmètrios Kydônès , les frères Chrysobergès et la Crete (1397–1401) de nouveau documents’, in Maltezou and Schreiner, Venezia e il mondo franco-greco XII–XV secolo, 435–93; S. Reinert, ‘A Byzantine source on the battles of Bileća and Kosovo Polje: Kydones’ letters 396 and 398 reconsidered’, in C. Heywood and C. Imber (eds.), Studies in Ottoman history in honour of … Professor V. L. Ménage, (Istanbul, 1994), 249–72; F. Kianka, ‘Demetrios Kydones and Italy’, DOP 49 (1995), 99–110; N. Russell, ‘Palamism and the circle of Demetrius Cydones’, in Porphyrogenita, 153–74; A. Lentsini, ‘Demetrius Cydones as a translator of Latin texts’, in Porphyrogenita, 175–85; A. Karathanasis, ‚Ξαναδιαβάζοντας την αλληλογραφία Δημητρίου Κυδώνη και Μανουήλ Παλαιολόγου (1382–1387). Η Θεσσαλονίκη κέντρον της αντίστασης κατά των Τούρκων’, Χριστιανική Θεσσαλονίκη, (1989),  65–86; Ch. Zgoll, Heiligkeit‒Ehre‒Macht. Ein Modell für den Wandel der Herrschaftskonzeption im Spätmittelalter am Beispiel der byzantinischen Kydonesbriefe (Wien, 2007) [Passauer Historische Forschungen 16].

 

Makres, M. (d. 1431)=A. Argyriou, Macaire Makrès et la polemique contre l’ Islam. Edition critique de cinq oeuvres anti-islamiques inédites de Macaire Makrès ainsi que d’un «Eloge à Macaire» de la même époque (XVe s.) également inéditaccompagnée d’une longue introduction sur les questions soulevées par les textes (Vatican, 1986)  [=ST 314].

 

ODB, 2, 1273; A. Argyriou, ‘Μακάριος Μακρής ή Ασπρόφρυς’, Γρηγόριος Παλαμάς 53 (Θεσσαλονίκη, 1970), 1–16.

 

Manuel II Palaiologos (d. 1425), Dialogue which was held with a certain Persian, the worthy Mouterizes, in Ankyra of Galatia=E. Trapp (ed.), Manuel II Palaiologos. Dialog mit einem ‘Perser’’ (Vienna, 1966) [WBS, 2]; excerpt, ed. and tr. of dialogue 7: T. Khoury, Manuel II Paléologue Entretiens avec un musulman, 7e controverse (Paris, 1966) [SC 115]; excerpts, ed. Migne, PG 156, cols. 126–73; Germ. tr. of dialogues 1–7: tr. R. Senoner, ed. W. Baum, Kaiser Manuel II Palaiologos: Dialog über den Islam und Erziehungsratschläge. Mit drei Briefen König Sigismunds von Luxemburg an Manuel II (Wien, 2003) [Texte der Weltliteratur 1]; tr. F. Artioli, Manuele II Paleologo. Dialoghi con un musulmano, 7a discussione. Introduzione, testo critico e note: Th. Khoury (Roma-Bologna 2007) (SC. Edizione italiana 3); ed. M. Di Branco Manuele II Paleologo. Il “dialogo della discordia”. Dialoghi con un musulmano. Settima controversia (Roma 2007) (Faville 43); ed./Germ. tr. K. Förstel, Manuel II Palaiologos. Dialogue mit einem Muslim, 3 vols.  (Würzburg 1993, 1995, 1996) [CIC: Ser. Graeca, 4/1–3].

 

CMR 5, 319–24; ODB, 2, 1291–2; Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 538–9; J. W. Barker, ‘Index to literary works by Manuel cited, discussed, or translated’, in idem, Manuel II Palaiologus (1391–1425): a study in late Byzantine statesmanship (New Bruinswick, 1969), 579–81; E. Zachariadou, ‘Manuel II Palaeologus on the strife between Bayezid I and Kadi Burhan al-Din Ahmad’, BSOAS 43 (1980), 471–81; E. Trapp, ‘Der Sprachgebrauch Manuels II. in den Dialogen mit einem Perser’, JÖBG 16 (1967), 189–97; N. M. Vaporis. ‘Der Sprachgebrauch Manuels II. in den Dialogen mit einem ‘Perser’, JOBG 16 (1967), 189–97; A. Garzya, ‘Il dialogo fra Michele II Paleologo e un ‘Persiano’, Europa e Islam tra I secoli XIV e XVI. Europe and Islam between 114^th and 16^th centuriers. A cura di Michele Bernardini, C. Borrelli, A. Cerbo, E. Sanchez García (Naples 2002), 549–60; J. Berger le Xifrey, Mémoire sur la vie et les ouvrages de l’ empereur Manuel Paléologue, Mémoires de l’ Institut Natiional de France. Académie des inscriptions et belles letters t. 19 2 (1853); L. Nilsson and D. Westberg, ‘Bysantiska dialoger med Islam (Byzantine dialogues with Islam)’, Dragomanen 10–11 (2006–7), 182–6; E. Voordeckers, ‘Les entretiens avec un Perse de l’ empereur Manuel II Paléologue (A propos de deux éditions récentes)’, B 36 (1966,) 311–17; N. Mitru, ‘Morala islamică oglindita in lucrarea Diálogos a lui Manuel al II-Iea Paleologul (1391–1424)’, Orthodoxia 24 (1972), 459–44; ); S. Reinert, ‘Manuel II Palaeologos and his müderris’, in S. Curcic and D. Mouuriki (eds.), The twilight of Byzantium: Aspects of cultural and religious history in the late Byzantine empire (Princeton, 1991), 39–51; repr. in idem, Late Byzantine and early Ottoman studies (Farnham, 2014), no. 9; S. Çelik, ‘The emperor, the sultan and the scholar: the portrayal of the Ottomans in the dialogue with a Persian of Manuel II Palaiologos’, BMGS 41.2 (2017), 208–28.

Tomos (1180)=ed./Fr. tr. J. Darrouzès, ‘Tomos inédit de 1180 contre Mahomet’, REB 30 (1972), 187–97. [decree of religious character; result of religious controversy-arose from attempt of emperor Manuel I to respond to requests of Muslim subjects who wished to become Christians-proposed anathema 22 be abandoned]

CMR 3, 759–63; D. Sahas, ‘Holosphyros’’? A Byzantine perception of ‘’the God of Muhammad’, in Y. Haddad and W. Z. Haddad (eds.),Christian-Muslim encounters, (Gainseville, 1995); S. Reinert, ‘Manuel II Palaeologos and his müderris’, in S. Curcic and D. Mouuriki (eds.), The twilight of Byzantium: Aspects of cultural and religious history in the late Byzantine empire (Princeton, 1991), 39–51; Magoulias,  ‘Doctrinal disputes in the History of Nketas Choniates’, 217–20; Hanson, ‘Manuel I Comnenus and the ‘God of Muhammad’’, in Tolan (ed), Perceptions of Islam.

Michael of Mar Saba=S. Griffith, ‘Michael, the martyr and monk of Mar Sabas monastery, at the court of the caliph ‘Abd al-Malik: Christian apologetics and martyrology in the early Islamic period’, ARAM 6 (1994), 115-48.

Michael the Synkellos (d. 846), ‘Refutation of Islam’, in George the Monk, Chronicon Syntomon, ed. C. de Boor (Leipzig, 1904), ii, 607–702.

CMR 1, 632.

Paphlagon, Niketas, ‘Refutation of the letter of the Hagarenes’, PG 105, 808–41.

Peter, Metropolitan of Damascus=a treatise against Islam=Hoyland, n.80.

Khoury, Les théologiens, 40; G. Peters, Peter of Damascus. Byzantine Monk and Spiritual Theologian (Toronto, 2011) [PIMS, Studies and Texts 175].

Peter of Bayt Ra’s (d. pr. 9^th c.)=Kitāb al-Burhān, ed. P. Cachia and W. M. Watt, Eutychius of Alexandria. The book of the demonstration (Kitāb al-Burhān) (Louvain, 1961) [CSCO 192–93 and 209–10].

CMR 1, 902–6.

Poem-letter of emperor Nicephorus to caliph al-Muṭī‘ (contains the text in 70 lines; and two Muslim replies : al-Qaffal’s (wr. 966) and Ibn Hazm’s (wr. b. 1064))= G. von Grunebaum, ‘Eine poetische Polemik swischen Byzanz und Bagdad im X. Jahrhundert’, AO 14 (Rome, 1937), 41–64, 43–7 (ed.), 53–9 (tr.)(repr. in von Grunebaum, Islam and medieval Hellenism. Social and cultural perspectives (London, 1976), no. 19); tr. excerpts in A. A. Vasiliev, La La dynastie macédonienne (867–959), Extraits des sources arabes (Brussels, 1950),  ii/2, 375–6 (verses 7–15); ed. Ibn Kathīr, Al-bidāya, 14 vols. (Beirut, 1932-9; repr. 1977), xi, 244–47; Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī, Tabaqāt al-Shāfi‘iyyāt al-kubrā, 6 vols. (Cairo, 1906), ii, 179–81, 184–9 (Ibn Ḥazm); ed. S. al-Din al-Munajjid (Beirut 1982), 11–22 (from Ibn Kathir); ed. S. al-Din al-Munajjid (Beirut 1982), 28–35 (from al-Subki); ed. S. al-Din al-Munajjid (Beirut 1982), 41–58 (Ibn Ḥazm); ed./Russ.tr. letter, V. R. Rosen, Imperator Vasilij Bolgarobojca. Izvlečenija iz Letopisi Jachi Antiochijskago (St. Petersburg, 1883; repr. London, 1972), 110–8; Fr. tr. G. Schlumberger, Un empereur byzantine au dixième siècle (Paris, 1890), 427–30. Response of al-Qaffāl (d. 976), Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī, Tabaqāt al-Shāfi‘iyyāt al-kubrā, 6 vols. (Cairo, 1906), ii, 181–4, ii, 184–9 (Ibn Ḥazm’s reply); Fr. tr. of response Schlumberger, Un empereur byzantine au dixième siècle, 431–4; ed./Germ.tr. of letter and response of al-Qaffāl, see G. von Grunebaum, ‘Eine poetische Polemik swischen Byzanz und Bagdad im X. Jahrhundert’, 50–3; part. tr. of response, el-Cheikh, Byzantum viewed by the Arabs (Cambridge, MA, 2004), 174–6 =see epistles.

Cheikh, 173–4; CMR 2, 367–9; CMR 3, 143–5; Grunebaum, ‘Polemik’ 43–59; A. Beihammer, ‘Reiner Christlicher König— PistoV en Cristw tw Qew      basileuV…’, BZ 95 (2002), 1‒34’, 14 n. 47; Karayannopulos-Weiss, v. 2, 386; C. Brockelmann, ‘La polémique entre Nicéphore Phocas et le calife al- Muṭī‘ lillāh’, in Mélanges E. F. Gautier (Paris, 1937), 96–102; N. F. Hermes, ‘The Byzantines in medieval Arabic poetry: Abu Firas ‘Al-Rumiyyat’ and the poetic responses of al-Qaffal and Ibn Hazm to Nicephore Phocas: ‘Al-Qasida al-Arminiyya al-Mal ‘una’ (The Armenian cursed ode)’, Sym 19 (2009), 35‒61; K. A. Takirtakoglou, ‘To theskeutiko stoiheio stous agones tou Nikephorou B’ Foka’, Byzantiaka 31 (2014), 107–128, 122–6.

Roussanos, Pachomios= A. Argyriou, ‘Pachomios Roussanos et l’ Islam’, RHPR 51 (1971), 143–64.

23. A. Bees, ‘Die Klosterregeln des Nikephoros Blemmydis in Bezug auf Pachomios Rhousanos sowie eine Inscrift aus Jenischehir’, BNJ 10 (1934), 115–23.

Samonas (11^th c.)=Dialexis pros Akhmed ton Sarakenon, MPG, 120.

Scholarios, Gennadios (d. 1472), ‘Dialogue with Muhammad II’ ‘On the only way to salvation for humankind’ (ca. 1455–6)=Gennadius ho Scholarios. Hapanta ta heuriskomena/Ouevres completes de Gennade Scholarios, ed. L. Petit, X. A. Siderides and M. Jugie, 8 vols. (Paris, 1928–36), iii, 434-52. [wrote the treatise at request of sultan Mehmed II]

CMR 5, 508–9; M. H. Blanchet, George-Gennadios Scholarios (Vers 1400-vers 1472). Un intellectuel Orthodoxe face à la disparition de l’ empire byzantin (Paris, 2008), 102–6, 479, 486 [AOC 20]; F. Tinnefeld, ‘Georgios Gennadios Scholarios’, in C. G. Conticello and V. Conticello (eds.),  La théologie byzantine et sa tradition, vol. 2 (XIIIe–XIXe s.) (Turnhout, 2002), 502 no. 49, 530–1; M. Jugie, ‘Écrits apologétiques de Gennade Scholarios a l’ addresse des musulmans’, B 5 (1929), 295–314, 296–8; T. N. Zeses, Γεννάδιος Β´Σχολάριος: Βίος- συγγράμματα- διδασκαλία (Thesaloniki, 1980), 314–5 [Ἁνάλεκτα Βλατάδων 30].

_____, ‘Dialogue with Muhammad II’= ‘On the only way to salvation for humankind’ (ca. 1455/6), ed. M. Crucius, Turcograeciae libri octo, vol. 2 (Basle, 1584), 109–20; repr. Migne, PG 160 (1866), 333–52; ‘Patriarchike Konstantinoupoleos historia apo tou 1454 heos tou 1578 etous Christou’, in I. Bekkerus (ed.), Historia politica et patriarchica Constantinopoleos /Epirotica (Bonn, 1849), 83–93; ed. W. Gass, Gennadius und Pletho (Breslau, 1844), 3-15; Gennadius ho Scholarios. Hapanta ta heuriskomena/Ouevres completes de Gennade Scholarios, ed. L. Petit, x. a. Siderides and M. Jugie, 8 vols. (Paris, 1928–36), iii, 453–8; Reverendissimi patris Genadii [sic] Scholarii Patriarchae Constantinopolitani, Libellus de quibusdam fidei articulis, quos Turcorum Imperator voluit ab eo scire, factusque est inter eos de his dialogues, qui inscribitur Via salutis hominum, nusquam antehac impressus (Paris, 1533). Ottoman Turkish translation: ed./tr. T. Halasi-Kun, ‘Gennadios’ Turkish confession of faith’, Arch Ott 12 (1987–1992), 5–103, 20–37; tr. A. Papadakisa, ‘Gennadius II and Mehmet the Conqueror’, B 42 (1972), 100–6; Germ. tr. H. Schaeder, ‘Das Bekenntis des hochweisen und ehrwürdigen Herrn Gennadios Scholarius, Patriarchen von Konstantinopel, dem Neuen Rom, von dem rechten und untadeligen Glauben der Christen, an die Hagarsöhne’, in Wort und Mysterium. Dar Briefwechel über Glauben und Kirche 1573 bis 1581 zwischen den Tübinger Theologen und dem Patriarchen von Konstantinopel (Witten, 1958), 231–36. [summary of most important Christian beliefs]

CMR 5, 503–18, 510–2; ODB, 2, 830; Moravcsik, I, 290–1; A. Decei, ‘Versiunea turcească a Confesiunuii Patriarhului Ghennadie II Scholarios, csrisă la cererea sultanului Mehmet II [Turkish translation of the Confession of Patriarch Gennadios II Scholarios, written  at the order of Sultan Mehmed II’, in Omagiu Nicolae Bălan, Mitropolitul Ardealului (Sibiu, 1940), 372–410; Tinnefeld, ‘Georgios Gennadios Scholarios’, in Conticello and Conticello (eds.),  La théologie byzantine, 477–549;  502–3, no. 50, 531; Blanchet, George-Gennadios Scholarios, 104–6; idem, ‘L’ ambiguite du statut juridique de Gennadios Scholarios après la chute de Constantinople (1453)’, in Le patriarchat oecumenique de Constantinople aux xiv-xvie siecles: rupture et continuite (Paris, 2007), 195–211; Chr. Livanos, Greek tradition and Latin influence in the work of George Scholarios (New Jersey, 2006); A. Kariotoglou, ‘Die Problemstellung des Patrarchen Gennadios Scholarios gegenüber dem Islam’, in A. Kallis (ed.), Philoxenia. Prof. Dr. Bernhard Kötting gewidmet von seinen griechischen Schülern (Münster, 1980), 159–72; Jugie, ‘Écrits apologétiques’, 302–11; A. Decei, ‘Patrik II. Gennadios Skolarios’ un Fatih Sultan Mehmet icin yazdıgı ortodoks I’tika-namesinin türkce metni’, Fatih ve Istanbul 1 (1953), 98–116; Zeses, Γεννάδιος Β´Σχολάριos, 315-6; see also A. N. Diamantopoulos, ‘Ὁ Γεννάδιος ´Σχολάριος ὡς ἱστορικὴ πηγὴ τῶν περὶ τὴν ἃλωσιν χρόνων᾽, Hell 9 (1936), 295–301; Matschke, ‘Leonhard von Chios, Gennadios Scholarios, und die «Collegae» Thomas Pyropoulos und Johannes Basilikos vor, während und nach der Eroberung von Konstantinopel durch die Türken; A. Ziaka, ‘Rearticulating a Christian –Muslim understanding: Gennadios Scholarios and John Amiroutzes on Islam’, 51 SChH (2015), 150–65.

_____, ‘Questions and answers concerning the divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ’ (ca. 1470), Oeuvres completes, ed. Petit et al, iii, 485–75. [exchange with Turkish officials ]

CMR 5, 516–8.

447. Siceliotes (d. mid. 11^th c.), ‘Speech against the Saracens’ (ca. late 10^th early 11^th.) in ‘Exegesis eis tas ideas tou Hermogenous apo phones Ioannou Philosophou tou Sikeliotou’, in C. Walz (ed.), Rhetores Graeci ex codicibus Florentinis, 6 vols. (Stuttgart, 1832–36, vi ; repr. Osnabrück, 1968), vi, 56–504, 447.

CMR 2, 624–6.

‘Slavonic Life of St. Constantine-Cyril’ (bet. 873 and 880) in B. S. Angelov and K. N. Kodov (eds.), Kliment Okhridskii. S’ brani s’ chineniia, vol. 3 (Sofia, 1973), ch. 8, 95–6.  [9^th c. Byz.-Muslim debate]

803. Vavrřnek, ‘A Byzantine polemic against Islam in Old Slavonic hagiography’, GA 7–8 (1999–2000), 535–42; B. Roggema, ‘Pamet’ I Žitie blaženago učitelja našego Konstantina Filosofa prevago nastav’nika sloven’sku jezyku‘, CMR 1, 799–803.

Studites, Th. (c. 798/9–808)=Discourses against heresies (Stichistikoi logoi kata haireseon’), =ed. A. Rigo, ‘La sezione sui musulmani dell’ opera di Teodoro Studita contro le eresie’, REB 56 (1998), 213–30, 228–30. [on Muslims he relies on John of Damascus and other- info on Arabs and Islam]

CMR 1, 423–5.

Sulaymān al-Ghazzī (d. after 1027), Dīwān (Poems), ed. N. Edelby, Sulaymān al-Ghazzī . Shā ‘ir wa kātib Masīḥī Malakī min al-qanayn al ‘āshir wa l ḥādī ‘ashar lil mīlād, vol. 2: al- dīwān al-shi ‘irī  (Jounieh, 1985); tr. excerpts S. Noble, in S. T. Noble and A.Treiger (eds.), The Orthodox church in the Arab world: 700–1700. An anthology of sources (Dekalb, 2014), 163–70.  [Melkite Christians in Palestine-defends Melkite Orthodoxy]

_____, ‘Prose theological treatises’, ed. P. La Spisa, Sulaymān ibn Ḥasan al-Ghazzī (X–Xi sec.). I trattati teologici in prosa. Introduzione, traduzione, note e indice forthcoming; N. Edelby, Sulaymān al-Ghazzī . Shā ‘ir wa kātib Masīḥī Malakī min al-qanayn al ‘āshir wa l ḥādī ‘ashar lil mīlād, vol. 3: Al-maqālāt al-lāhūtiyya l-nathriyya (Jounieh, 1986).

CMR 2, 617–23; P. La Spisa, ‘Una citazione di Giovanni Damasceno in Sulaymān ibn Ḥasan al-Ghazzī’, PdO 27 (2002), 85–104; idem, ‘I trattati teologici di Sulaymān al-Ghazzī. Per una nuova edizione critica’, PdO 30 (2005), 341–62; I. Dick, ‘Samonas de Gaza ou Sulaïman al-Gazzi’, POC 30 (1980), 175–8; J. Nasrallah, ‘Sulaïmān al-Gazzī évêque melchite de Gaza Xie siècle’, OC 62 (1978), 144–57; H. Suermann, ‘Sulaymān al-Ghazzī, évêque melchite de Gaza XI siècle sur les Maronites’, PdO 21 (1996), 189–98.

Trapezuntios, George (d. 1472/3), [Two] ‘Letters to Mehmed II’= ed. A. Mercati, ‘Le due lettere di Giorgo da Trebisonda a Maometto II’, OCP 9 (1943), 65–99; ed. G. Th. Zoras, Γεώργιος ὁ Τραπεζούντιος καί αἱ πρός ἑλληνοτουρκικήν συνεννόησιν προσπάθειαι αὐτοῦ (Athens, 1954), 93–156; Engl. tr. ‘Letter to Mehmed II’, J. Geanakoplos, Byzantium: church, society, and civilization seen through contemporary eyes (Chicago, 1984), 383–5. [apology-letter to Muh. II, ‘On the truth of the Christian faith’ said that Turkish sultan would be able lest he converted to Christianity to conquer the world].

_____, no. CXLIII ‘On the truth of the faith of Christians to the emir when he stormed Constantinople’, in Collectanea Trapezuntiana. Texts, documents, and bibliographies of George of Trebizond, ed. J. Monfasani (New York, 1984), 491 [MRTS 42]; ed. G. Th. Zoras, Γεώργιος ὁ Τραπεζούντιος καί αἱ πρός ἑλληνοτουρκικήν συνεννόησιν προσπάθειαι αὐτοῦ (Athens, 1954); tr. A. Th. Khoury, De la vérité de la fois des chrétiens (Altenberge, 1987), idem, ‘Georges de Trébizonde: de la vérité la fois des chrétiens’, POCh 18 (1968), 326-40; 19 (1969), 135–49, 320–34; 20 (1970), 238–71; 21 (1971), 235–61; tr. Idem, Georges de Trébizonde et l’ union islamo-chrétienne (Louvain, 1971).

Moravcsik, I, 291; ODB, 2, 839–40; Karayan., Pegai, 400; J. Monfasani, George of Trebizond. A biography aand a study of his rhetoric and logic (Leiden, 1976); G. Ravegnani, ‘Nota sul pensiero politico di Giorgio da Trebisonda’, Aevum 49 (1975), 311–29; K. Papastathes, ‘Christian –Muslim encounters: George of Trebizond and the ‘inversion’ of eastern discourse regarding Islam in the fifteenth century’, in Ch. Methuen et al (eds.), Christian and religious plurality (Woodbridge, 2015), 137–49 [SCH 51]; Ch. Abenstein, Die Basilius-Übersetzung des Georg von Trapezunt in ihrem historischen Kontext (Berlin, 2014) [BzA 336]; I. Ch. Levy et al., Nicholas of Cusa and Islam: polemic and dialogue in the late middle ages (Leiden, 2014),  132ff.; M. Balivet, ‘Deux partisans de la fusion religieuse des chrétiens et des musulmans au XVe siè: le Turc Bedreddin de Samavra et le grec Georges de Trebizonde’, Byzantina 10 (180), 361–96; Th. Ganchou, ‘Iôannès Argyropoulos, Géôrgios Trapezountios et le patron crétois Georgios Maurikas’, Thes 38 (2008), 105–12; K. Lobovikova, ‘George of Trebizond’s views on Islam and their eschatological backgrounds’, in Patrologia Pacifica: selected papers presented to the Asia Pacific early Christian Studies Society, ed. V. Baranov et al., (Piscataway, 2000), 346–65.

Life of Theodore of Edessa= ed. I. Pomjalovskij, Zhitie izhe vo sv. Otca nashego Feodora archiepiskopa Edesskogo (St. Petersburg, 1892); Arabic version= ed./tr. A. Vasiliev, ‘The life of St. Theodore of Edessa’, B 16 (1942‒3), 165‒226 [story of al-Ma’mun’s conversion]; excerpts, S. Griffith, ‘The Life of Theodore of Edessa: history, hagiography, and religious apologetics in Mar Saba monastery in early Abbasid times’, in  J. Patrich (ed.), The Sabaite heritage in the Orthodox Church from the Fifth Century to the Present (Leuven, 2001), 147‒69, 163, 165; repr. in S. Fitzgerald Johnson (ed.), Languages and cultures of eastern Christianity: Greek (Farnham, 2015), 443‒66.

40. Abel, ‘La portée apologétique de la ‘Vie’ de St. Théodore d’ Edesse’, BSl 10 (1949), 229–40.

 Zigabenus, Euthymios= ‘Διάλεξις μετὰ Σαρακηνοῦ φιλοσόφου περὶ πίστεως ἐν τῇ Μελιτηνῆς’, PG CXXXI (1864), 19–38.

_____, Panoplia dogmatike (Armour of doctrines)=ch. 28 Against the Saracens: ed. K. Förstel, Schriften zum Islam von Arethas und Euthymios Zigabenos und Fragmente der griechischen Koranübersetzung. Griechisch-deutsche Textausgabe (Wiesbaden, 2009) [CIC Ser. Gr. 7]; PG 130, cols. 20–1360 [last paragraph of ch. 28: PG, col. 1360c–d was copied from Sylburg]; ed. F. Sylburg, Saracenica sive Moamethica: in quibus ismaeliticae seu moamethicae sectae proecipuorum dogmatum elenchus: ex Euthymii Zigabeni Panoplia Dogmatica (Heidelberg, 1595). [follows John of Damascus and Euodius the Monk]

CMR 3, 338–40; ODB, 3, 2227; on the last paragraph of ch. 28 which is a later insertion, see S. G. Mercati, ‘Macaire Calorites et Constantin Anagnostes’, ROC 22 (1920/1), 162–93; N. Miladinova, The Panoplia dignatike by Euthymios Zygabenos: a study on the first edition published in Greek in 1710 (Leiden, 2014); H. G. Beck, Kirche und theologische Literatur im Byzantinischen Reich (Munich, 1959), 614; Vryonis, Decline, 424, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434; A. Rigo, ‘Saracenica di Friedrich Sylburg (1595). Una racolta di opera bizantine contro l’ Islam’, in I padri sotto il Torchio: le edizioni dell’ antichità cristiana nei secoli xv-xvi, ed. M. Cortesi (Florence, 2002), 289–310; idem, ‘La Panoplie dogmatique d’ Euthyme Zigabène. Les Pères de l’ Église, l’ empereur et les hérésies du présent’, in A. Rigo and P. Ermilov, Byzantine theologians. The systematization of their own doctrine and their perception of foreign doctrines (Rome, 2009), 19–32; H. Kusabu, Comnenian Orthodoxy and Byzantine heresiology in the twelfth century the study of the Panoplia Dogmatica of Euthymios Zigabenos (Ph.D, Chicago, 2013).

 

Abbreviations

CMR 1= D. Thomas and B. Roggema, with J. P. Monferrer Sala, J. Pahlitzsch, M. Swanson, H. Teule, and J. Tolan (eds.), Christian-Muslim Relations: a bibliographical history. Vol. 1, 600–900. [The History of Christian-Muslim Relations 11] (Leiden, 2009).

CMR 2= D. Thomas and A. Mallett et al. (eds.), vol. 2, 900–1050. [The History of Christian-Muslim Relations 14] (Leiden, 2010).

CMR3=D. Thomas and A. Mallett et al. (eds.), vol. 3, (1050-1200) [The History of Christian-Muslim Relations 15] (Leiden, 2011).

CMR 4=D. Thomas and A. Mallett et al. (eds.), vol. 4, (1200‒1350) [The History of Christian-Muslim Relations 17] (Leiden, 2012).

CMR 5= D. Thomas and A. Mallett et al. (eds.), vol. 5, (1350‒1500) [The history of Christian-Muslim relations; vol. 20] (Leiden, 2013).